Occupations49-9021.00

Heating, Air Conditioning, and Refrigeration Mechanics and Installers

Install or repair heating, central air conditioning, HVAC, or refrigeration systems, including oil burners, hot-air furnaces, and heating stoves.

Median annual pay
$59,810

BLS, 2024

Employment
425,200

U.S., 2024

Ten-year outlook
+8.1%

2024–34

Annual openings
40,100

Projected average

The work

Core tasks

  1. 01Test electrical circuits or components for continuity, using electrical test equipment.
  2. 02Comply with all applicable standards, policies, or procedures, such as safety procedures or the maintenance of a clean work area.
  3. 03Study blueprints, design specifications, or manufacturers' recommendations to ascertain the configuration of heating or cooling equipment components and to ensure the proper installation of components.
  4. 04Discuss heating or cooling system malfunctions with users to isolate problems or to verify that repairs corrected malfunctions.
  5. 05Connect heating or air conditioning equipment to fuel, water, or refrigerant source to form complete circuit.
  6. 06Adjust system controls to settings recommended by manufacturer to balance system.
  7. 07Recommend, develop, or perform preventive or general maintenance procedures, such as cleaning, power-washing, or vacuuming equipment, oiling parts, or changing filters.
  8. 08Inspect and test systems to verify system compliance with plans and specifications or to detect and locate malfunctions.
  9. 09Repair or replace defective equipment, components, or wiring.
  10. 10Install or repair self-contained ground source heat pumps or hybrid ground or air source heat pumps to minimize carbon-based energy consumption and reduce carbon emissions.
  11. 11Install, connect, or adjust thermostats, humidistats, or timers.
  12. 12Install auxiliary components to heating or cooling equipment, such as expansion or discharge valves, air ducts, pipes, blowers, dampers, flues, or stokers.

Capabilities

Essential skills

Critical ThinkingReading ComprehensionActive ListeningSpeakingActive LearningMonitoringWritingLearning StrategiesMathematicsScience

Employment outlook

Where the role is heading

U.S. employment is projected to move from 425,200 in 2024 to 459,700 in 2034, a +8.1% change.

BLS projects an average of 40,100 openings each year over the period, including openings created by workers leaving the occupation.